15 things you need to find out about Australia’s love affair with pokies
Authors
1. Francis Markham PhD Candidate, The Fenner School of Setting and Society, Australian Nationwide University
2. Martin Young Affiliate Professor, Centre for Gambling Education and Analysis, Southern Cross University
Disclosure assertion
Francis Markham has previously been employed on analysis initiatives funded by the Australian Research Council and several other state government departments and authorities. His analysis is presently funded by the Comminity Benefit Fund of the Northern Territory Authorities and by a PhD scholarship from the federal Department of Education. He is a member of the National Affiliation of Gambling Studies (Australia) and the public Well being Affiliation of Australia.
Poker machines had been legalised in New South Wales in 1956; the ACT in 1976; Victoria and Queensland in 1991; South Australia in 1992; Tasmania in 1997; and the Northern Territory in 1998. They’re banned in Western Australia, except within the on line casino.
There are 196,900 poker machines in Australia; 95,012 are in NSW, with a further 46,663 in Queensland and 28,860 in Victoria. As compared, there are simply 16,440 pokies in New Zealand and 97,161 in Canada.
Australia has the most poker machines per particular person of any country in the world (excluding playing locations dominated by the on line casino trade like Macau and Monaco), with one machine for each 114 folks.
– In 2013-14, Australians misplaced A$11 billion on poker machines in clubs and motels. An additional A$1.5 billion is estimated to have been lost on poker machines in casinos. That’s a total of around A$seven-hundred per adult per yr.
Australians lose more on gambling than any other nation, mostly because of poker machines. In 2014, Australians misplaced greater than US$1100 per capita, compared with lower than US$600 in New Zealand and the US, and lower than US$500 in Canada and Britain.
In 2013-14, state and territory governments raised A$3.2 billion in taxes on poker machines in clubs and resorts – that’s 5% of state-levied tax income.
Between 20% and 30% of Australian adults play poker machines no less than once a yr (besides in Western Australia). The 4% who play weekly are conservatively estimated to lose an average of A$7000 to A$8000 per year.
It’s simple to lose A$1500 per hour enjoying poker machines at their maximum guess measurement and maximum speed. As a result of poker machine returns are unpredictable over the quick term, gamblers enjoying in this manner might lose a greater or lesser amount.
The typical poker machine in clubs and hotels makes A$56,000 per year. Some machines are far more profitable, with pokies in several venues in Victoria making more than A$200,000 each.
Poker machines have minted a choose few super rich, such as James Packer (web price A$6,080 million), Len Ainsworth (web worth A$1,840 million), Bruce Mathieson (net worth A$1,160 million), Arthur Laundy (web value A$310 million) and the Farrell family (net price A$275 million).
Poker machines are concentrated in Australia’s poorest suburbs. In Western Sydney’s comparatively impoverished Fairfield, each grownup misplaced an average of A$2340 on the pokies in 2010-11; in wealthy Ku-ring-gai and Willoughby, poker machine losses were just a$270 per adult.
In 2010, the Productivity Fee estimated that there have been round 115,000 “problem gamblers” in Australia, who account for 40% of losses on poker machines. People who live closer to poker machine venues usually tend to experience gambling problems.
Around 30% of people that play poker machines weekly are drawback gamblers or are “at risk” of changing into drawback gamblers. In WA, where poker machines are solely allowed inside the casino, the rate of downside gambling is one-third of that in the rest of the nation.
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